Toppling susceptibility of a single rock block resting on a regularly rough base

Toppling of individual rock blocks resting on an inclined surface has often been observed in nature. This instability mechanism typically analysed for simple block geometries, considering the contact between and base where it lies is a planar surface. In this study, authors analyse case regularly rough To do that, resort to analytical limit equilibrium formulations, laboratory physical models discrete element methods. All these approaches show consistent trend behaviour, roughness does affect toppling response. Regularly surfaces are studied detail general formulation able potential influence response derived. Additionally, some considerations provided regarding combined effects bases rounded corners stability. The how under particular circumstances, can control failure produce instead sliding, they eventually discuss impact natural blocks.